Following the ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court in Tyler v. Hennepin County, 598 U.S. 631 (2023), New York municipalities are now required to return surplus funds from their In Rem Property Tax Foreclosure Sales to the former owner, instead of keeping the surplus. The court held that the keeping of the funds by the municipality was a "taking" under the Fifth Amendment's Takings Clause that need to be returned to the former owner of the property. Surplus funds are the balance left after paying the delinquent taxes, interest, penalties, and administrative costs of the property tax sale.
Although the Court held that the surplus funds from In Rem Property Tax Foreclosure Sales needed to be returned, the return of the surplus is not automatic. The former home owner will need to make an application to the court to obtain a court order releasing the funds. If the funds are not claimed within three (3) years from the municipality, they are sent to the NYS Comptroller's Office of Unclaimed Funds.
In addition, sometimes surplus funds are also left over in the context of Mortgage Foreclosure Sales. In order for the homeowner to claim the surplus funds from a mortgage foreclosure, application must also be made to the court to obtain a court order releasing the funds.
An In Rem foreclosure Sale in New York is a legal proceeding where a municipality auctions a property due to unpaid property taxes allowing the municipality to recover delinquent taxes from the sale of the property. The action is brought against the property because of a long-term delinquency in taxes where the owner fails to pay and does not enter into a payment agreement with the municipality. If the owner fails to pay the back taxes prior to the sale, or does not file for a bankruptcy to stop the sale, the property is sold at auction.
In some cases, there are surplus funds left over from the sale of the property after the taxes are paid. These funds belong to the former owner, however, the funds are not paid automatically to the former owner. A formal application must be made in court to obtain a court order releasing the funds to the former owner.

A mortgage foreclosure sale in New York is a public auction where a property is sold to satisfy a delinquent mortgage debt. The auction follows a legal process called a judicial foreclosure. After a lender wins a judgment in NY Supreme Court, a court-appointed referee sells the property to recover the loan balance to satisfy the debt. A property owner can stop the sale at any time before the auction by paying the full amount owed, or by filing for bankruptcy, but they lose these options once the sale is complete.
In some cases, there are surplus funds left over from the sale of the property after the mortgage is paid. These funds belong to the former owner, however, the funds are not paid automatically to the former owner by the referee. A formal application must be made in court to obtain a court order releasing the funds to the former owner (The process is similar to obtaining surplus funds from an In Rem Property Tax Sale outlined below).

The following is a list of the steps to claim surplus finds from a municipality in New York State:
Usually the work is done on a contingency, typically a third of the recovery after costs, but it depends on the circumstances. It may also be done for a flat fee plus costs payable in advance of the application being made.
We also serve all of the counties in NY, specifically Albany, Allegany, Bronx, Broome, Cattaraugus, Cayuga, Chautauqua, Chemung, Chenango, Clinton, Columbia, Cortland, Delaware, Dutchess, Erie, Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Genesee, Greene, Hamilton, Herkimer, Jefferson, Kings, Lewis, Livingston, Madison, Monroe, Montgomery, Nassau, New York, Niagara, Oneida, Onondaga, Ontario, Orange, Orleans, Oswego, Otsego, Putnam, Queens, Rensselaer, Richmond, Rockland, St. Lawrence, Saratoga, Schenectady, Schoharie, Schuyler, Seneca, Steuben, Suffolk, Sullivan, Tioga, Tompkins, Ulster, Warren, Washington, Wayne, Westchester, Wyoming, Yates.
Call Stephen K. Underwood, Esq.
(716)656-7676
or get started with a complimentary case evaluation.